Lethality of Three Phasmarhabditis spp. (P. hermaphrodita, P. californica, and P. papillosa) to Succinea Snails

Succinea snails are considered to be invasive and pestiferous gastropods those in the floricultural industry. Their small size makes them difficult locate within large plant shipments, their presence on decorative plants can constitute for an entire shipment rejected sale distribution. Research performed is limited, especially terms of effective mitigation strategies. The nematode Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita a biological control agent used throughout some European nations. Here, three strains from United States (P. hermaphrodita, P. californica, papillosa) were assessed as agents against controlled laboratory conditions, along with molluscicide Sluggo Plus® control. All species applied at 30 IJs/cm2 caused significant mortality compared non-treated treatment Plus®. californica 100% 6 days after exposure, while papillosa same rate 7 exposure. was unable cause Additional research US strains, including non-target effects distribution may lead being viable option snails.